One of the earliest northern tribes to acquire horses (circa 1700-1706) was the Nez Perce, who credit the Shoshoni and Comanche traders with providing these first mounts. The Nez Perce became the first to selectively breed horses for particular traits and tasks; gelding those of inferior traits. They bred horses specifically for war, hunting, or racing; thus the Nez Perce traditional war-horse was created: the Appaloosa.
The canoe all but disappeared in Nez Perce camps, as noted by Lewis and Clark in 1806. When white settlers came to the Northwest area, they called the spotted horses "Palouse horses" or "a Palouse horse" after the Palouse River Valley of Washington. Eventually the name was shortened and slurred to"Appaloosey" and eventually called Appaloosa.
The superior speed and endurance of these spotted horses became legendary. They were in great demand by distinguished warriors and fetched 2-3 times the price of any other horse. Besides their handsome markings, they were heavier and larger than the average Indian pony. Their sure-footed grace and endurance made them perfect mounts for the Plateau country, whether they travelled across treeless plains or through heavily-timbered mountain terrain. The Appaloosa is as distinctive and desirable today as it was by their originators, the Nez Perce. They are forever linked.